Staff Software Engineer, Infrastructure, Google Cloud Security and Privacy

Google

Given an unsorted array of integers, write a function to sort the array in ascending order using the merge sort algorithm. Explanation of Merge Sort:** Briefly explain the merge sort algorithm, highlighting its divide-and-conquer approach. Implementation:** Provide a step-by-step implementation of the merge sort algorithm. This includes: A mergeSort function that recursively divides the array into smaller subarrays. A merge function that merges two sorted subarrays into a single sorted array. Example:** Input array: [38, 27, 43, 3, 9, 82, 10] Expected output: [3, 9, 10, 27, 38, 43, 82] Efficiency:** Discuss the time and space complexity of merge sort. Why is merge sort considered an efficient sorting algorithm? How does it compare to other sorting algorithms like bubble sort or quicksort in terms of performance (best, average, and worst-case scenarios)? Constraints:** You are not allowed to use built-in sorting functions. The array can contain positive and negative integers. The solution must be implemented in a language of your choice (e.g., Python, Java, C++). Follow-up:** How would you modify the merge sort algorithm to sort the array in descending order? Could you implement an iterative version of merge sort instead of the recursive one? What are the trade-offs?

Google

API Design Question: E-commerce Product Catalog Let's design a simplified API for an e-commerce product catalog. Imagine you're building the backend for a website like Amazon or Etsy, focusing specifically on how products are stored and retrieved. This API will allow client applications (like web browsers or mobile apps) to browse, search, and view product details. Define the Core Entities: What are the essential attributes of a Product? Consider attributes like product_id, name, description, price, category, image_url, and inventory_count. Are there other attributes you would include? Justify your choices. Design the API Endpoints: Propose the main API endpoints for interacting with the product catalog. Focus on the following functionalities. Provide example requests and responses (in JSON format) for each endpoint: Retrieve a product by ID: (/products/{product_id}) Search for products: (/products?keyword=example&category=example) List products by category: (/categories/{category_name}/products) Considerations: How would you handle pagination for large product lists? How would you implement filtering and sorting options in the search endpoint? (e.g., filter by price range, sort by popularity). How would you handle different image sizes and formats? Example Scenario: A user searches for red shoes on the website. Describe how the API would be used to fulfill this request, including the specific endpoint called, the parameters passed, and the format of the expected response.

Google

Tell me about the most challenging project you have ever handled. To provide more context, please consider the following aspects in your response: Describe the project briefly: What were the project's goals, and what was your role? What made it challenging? Was it a technical hurdle, a difficult deadline, a complex team dynamic, ambiguous requirements, or something else? Provide specific examples of the challenges you faced. How did you overcome these challenges? What steps did you take to address the issues? What resources did you utilize? Did you have to learn new skills or technologies on the fly? What was the outcome? Were you able to successfully complete the project? If not, what were the lessons learned? What would you do differently next time? What was your biggest takeaway from the project? How did this experience shape your approach to future projects? Did it change your perspective on teamwork, problem-solving, or project management? For instance, perhaps you led a project to migrate a legacy system to a new cloud-based platform, and you encountered unexpected compatibility issues that required you to develop innovative workarounds. Or maybe you were part of a team that was tasked with developing a new feature for a popular product, but the requirements changed frequently, and the timeline was extremely tight. Sharing these types of details will help me understand the scope and complexity of the project and how you responded to the challenges involved.