Security Engineer 4

Oracle

Let's explore binary search trees. Consider that you are given a stream of numerical data. Your task is to design and implement a self-balancing binary search tree (BST) data structure that efficiently supports the following operations: Insertion: Insert a new number into the BST while maintaining its self-balancing property. The balancing mechanism should ensure that the height of the tree remains logarithmic in the number of nodes. Implement the insertion logic and explain the balancing technique used (e.g., AVL trees, Red-Black trees). Search: Given a number, determine if it exists in the BST. Implement an efficient search algorithm that leverages the BST property to locate the number or confirm its absence. Deletion: Remove a number from the BST while maintaining its self-balancing property. Handle different deletion scenarios, such as deleting a leaf node, a node with one child, and a node with two children. Describe how the balancing is preserved after deletion. Range Query: Given a range (min, max), return all numbers within the BST that fall within this range, in sorted order. Optimize the range query to avoid traversing unnecessary parts of the tree. For example, if the stream of numbers is [10, 5, 15, 3, 7, 12, 18], the BST should dynamically adapt to maintain balance as each number is inserted. Demonstrate how your implementation handles operations like inserting 6, deleting 10, and performing a range query for numbers between 6 and 16. Discuss the time complexity of each operation in terms of the number of nodes in the tree (n) and the height of the tree (h). Pay close attention to edge cases and error handling in your implementation.

Oracle

Let's design a URL shortening service like bit.ly. Consider the following: Functional Requirements: The service should accept a long URL and generate a unique short URL. Users should be able to access the original URL by visiting the shortened URL. The service should track click statistics for each shortened URL. Non-Functional Requirements: The service should be highly available and scalable to handle a large number of URL shortening and redirection requests. Shortened URLs should be generated quickly. The system should be fault-tolerant. Considerations: How would you handle URL collisions (when the same short URL is generated for different long URLs)? How would you design the data storage? How would you optimize the system for read-heavy traffic (redirections)? How would you implement analytics and track clicks? Explain the architectural components, data model, algorithms, and scaling strategies you would use to build such a system. Provide specific examples for URL encoding and decoding. For example, how would you encode https://www.example.com/very/long/url/path into something like bit.ly/xyz123?

Oracle

Let's delve into your professional background. I'm interested in understanding the scope and impact of your previous experiences and projects. To begin, walk me through your resume, highlighting the roles and projects that you believe best showcase your skills and abilities relevant to this position. For each experience, please elaborate on the following aspects: Your responsibilities: What were your primary duties and tasks in each role? Technical skills utilized: Which programming languages, tools, and technologies did you employ? Project outcomes: What were the results or deliverables of your projects? Did you achieve specific goals or metrics? Challenges and solutions: Describe any significant challenges you faced and how you overcame them. What innovative solutions did you implement? Teamwork and collaboration: How did you collaborate with your team members and stakeholders to achieve project objectives? Furthermore, I'd like to hear about any personal projects or open-source contributions that demonstrate your passion for software development. Please provide specific examples that illustrate your problem-solving skills, coding proficiency, and commitment to continuous learning. Finally, are there any gaps in your resume that require further clarification? I want to get a thorough understanding of your professional journey and how it has prepared you for this opportunity.