The best way to learn a new codebase is to learn by doing.
Don't get paralyzed reading documentation or getting a certificate before jumping into a codebase.
Start tinkering ASAP. It doesn't matter if you don't fully understand the codebase - Just do small changes like deleting a line or flipping a variable and then see what happens after you build the code.
Alex's standard: Put out a commit/pull request for a new codebase within 2 days.
You want to get code into review as soon as possible, because the feedback you get on your pull request is where the real learning happens. Don't worry about the quality; it's going to be bad in the beginning like with any newbie - The important thing is that you submit something out there into the world so your teammates can tell you how to get better.